Quantitization of space occurs on the scale of 10^(-33)m There are hundreds of times more cells in the human body than stars in the galaxy The fusion of Hydrogen to Helium releases 0.007 of the rest mass energy, but from Helium all the way to Iron adds only another 0.001 Strong Nuclear force only acts at small distances- that's why nuclei larger than Iron are less tightly bound Neutrons are needed in multi-proton nuclei because the electromagnetic repulsion is strong enough to prevent two protons from binding even if brought to any degree of closeness. Neutrons are additional bonds and so make up for the lack of strong force strength. Gravity is pulling Andromeda towards the Milky Way at 100km/sec, in 5 billion years we may "crash" There is about the same amount of matter in the diffuse gas between galazies as in the stars and planets of the universe. Could be alternating matter/antimatter superclusters. Maybe quasars are colliding galaxies of matter/antimatter Ko particle has an assymetry in decay time for particle/antiparticle - could be used to test if an alien civilization is of antimatter. The universe appears to be expanding at an accelerating rate- antigravity force operating over large distances? There was a dark age of the universe after the initial cooling and the formation of protogalaxies Kepler explained orbits with platonics solids Planck length is 10^19 times smaller than a proton, a photon with this wavelength carries 10^19 times the rest mass energy of a proton. This length arises from the constant of the strength of the gravitational force because at this energy concentration, the converted mass of the energy is strong enough to cause it to collapse into a black hole. Planck time is about 10^-43 seconds, which is the length of time it takes for light to traverse the planck length.